Halogen flame retardant

Halogenated flame retardants, as one of the most important organic flame retardants,

 are the first class of flame retardants. Because of its low price, good stability, little 

addition, good compatibility with synthetic resin materials, and keeping the original 

physical and chemical properties of the flame retardant products, it is the largest

 organic flame retardant in the world.

Table 1: partial halogen flame retardants

Varieties


Characteristic


purpose


Ten brominated diphenyl ethers (DBD-PO)


White powder, theoretical bromine content 83.3%, melting point > 300 C, insoluble in water, methanol, acetone and other solvents, slightly soluble in toluene.


It is mainly used for products such as PO, PS, ABS, PET, polyphenylene oxide, PA unsaturated polyester, phenolic plastics and so on.


Four brominated bisphenol A (TBB-PA)


White powder, bromine content of 58.7%, melting point 181 degrees, insoluble in water, soluble in acetone, methanol, ethanol and glacial acetic acid and other organic solvents.


As a reactive additive, it is mainly used in PC, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester, polyurethane and so on. As an addition type flame retardant, it can also be used in PS, ABS and so on. It can be used in conjunction with Sb2O3 to improve the flame retardancy.




Four bromo bisphenol A bis (2.3- dibromo propyl) ether (eight bromo ether)


White or light yellow powder addition type flame retardant, melting point 85-105 C, bromine content 67.77%, decomposition temperature 270 degrees, insoluble in water, ethanol, methanol, soluble in benzene, acetone


It is mainly used for PP, PS and AS resins, and can also be used for flame retardance of PP fibers, PET fibers and rubber.




Poly (2,6- dibromo subphenyl ether) PO-64P, FM-935


Light brown powder contains 64% bromine, 210-240 softening point, and decomposition temperature of 330 degrees. This product is soluble in tetrahydrofuran, chloroform, insoluble in water, acetone and ethanol.


It is mainly used for flame retardancy of products such as PBT, PET, HIPS, PA, ABS and polyether, especially in crystalline polymers. Its processability, flame retardancy and electrical insulation are all good.


1,2 bis (2,4,6- three bromo phenoxy) ethane (BTPE)


For adding type flame retardant, white crystalline powder, melting point 223-225 C, bromine content 69.7%, soluble in p-xylene and two chloroethane, insoluble in water, acetone, benzene and so on at room temperature


It is mainly used for flame retardancy of PS, PO, ABS, PSU, PES and PU. It is especially suitable for light colored or colourful products to release trace acid gas during processing.




2,4,6- three bromo - phenyl allyl ether (TBP-AE)

Two, phosphorous flame retardant
Phosphorus flame retardants include inorganic phosphorus flame retardants and organophosphorus flame retardants. Inorganic flame retardants mainly include red phosphorus, ammonium polyphosphate (APP), ammonium phosphate, phosphate and polyphosphate, etc. the organophosphorus flame retardants mainly include phosphoric acid ester, phosphonitrile (DOPO), phosphonitrile compound, organic hyphonic acid and organic phosphonate. Reply to "flame retardant", search for more related articles.
Table 2 part of phosphorous flame retardant
Varieties


Characteristic


purpose


Phosphoric acid three (beta chloroethyl) ester




Colorless to light color yellow oil transparent liquid, chlorine content 37.2%, phosphorus content 10.8%, ignition point 285 degrees C, dissolved in alcohol, ketone, ester, ether, toluene, benzene and other organic solvents, insoluble in fatty hydrocarbons, soluble in water, can improve water resistance, acid resistance, cold resistance, antistatic, halogenated phosphates flame retardant, intramolecular contain halogen phosphorus The two kinds of flame retardant elements have synergistic effect, and the flame retardant effect is very obvious.


Widely used in unsaturated polyester, polyurethane, acrylic ester, phenolic resin, cellulose acetate, etc.




Three butyl phosphate (TBP)


Colorless liquid, phosphorus content 11.63%


Suitable for PVC polyurethane foam, CA, CAB and so on


Three benzyl phosphate (TPP)


White needle shaped crystals, phosphorus content 9.49%, freezing point 49.2 C


Suitable for cellulose, vinyl resin and rubber, etc.


Methylphosphoric acid two methyl ester (DMMP


It is a low viscosity colorless or yellowish transparent liquid with a phosphorus content of 25% and a decomposition temperature above 180 degrees. It can be dissolved with water and various organic solvents.


As an additive flame retardant, it is widely used in polyurethane foam, unsaturated polyester and epoxy resin.




Microencapsulation of red phosphorus (inorganic)


The appearance is dark purple powder, red phosphorus content is 85%, natural point is 300-350 degrees.


It is mainly used for PE, PP, EVA, PC, PA, PBT, PET and epoxy, phenolic, unsaturated polyester, etc., especially suitable for a small number of flame retardants to meet the requirements of the products.


Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) (inorganic)


For white powder, the content of P2O5 "655, nitrogen content" 12%, decomposition temperature "250".


It can be used for flame retardant plastics, fibers, rubber, paper, wood, etc. As an acid source and carbon source and gas source, it can form intumescent flame retardant.


Three benzyl phosphite


An excellent auxiliary antioxidant, additive flame retardant plasticizer and anti-aging agent for plastic products.


It is widely used in all kinds of polyolefin, polyester, ABS resin and epoxy products.






Three, nitrogen flame retardant
Commonly used varieties are melamine, melamine cyanurate (MCA), etc., often need to join synergist, used in PA, PU, PO, PET, PS, PVC and other resins. Nitrogen / phosphorus is the most commonly used synergetic flame retardant system. Reply to "flame retardant", search for more related articles.


Melamine cyanurate (MCA) (melamine)
Melamine cyanurate is a kind of nitrogen free halogen-free environment-friendly flame retardant, which can make the flame retardant material reach UL94 V-0. It is especially suitable for PA6 and PA66 without packing. It belongs to the nitrogen series flame retardant and has two forms of powder and granular form. When the flame retardant polyamide foam is used for combustion, the carbon foam layer will protect the polymer from adiabatic oxygen.



Reactive flame retardant is white or gray white powder, bromine content is 64%


It is recommended to be used as PS synergistic agent when combined with six brominated twelve alkane.




Four bromo - o-phthalic anhydride (TBPA)




White powder, bromine content 68.9%


It can be used as a reactive flame retardant or an additive flame retardant. It is often used to prepare unsaturated polyester.




1, 2 bis (four bromide benzene two imide) ethane (BTPAE)


BT-93 is light yellow powder, BT-93W is white powder, bromine content is 67.18%, melting point is 450-455 degrees, solubility in water, acetone, methanol and toluene is less than 0.1%.


It is mainly used in PBT, HIPS, ABS, PE, PP, EP and all kinds of elastomers.




Chlorinated paraffin




Resin like white powder, chlorine content 68-72%, softening point 95-120 degrees, dissolved in mineral oil, aromatics, ethyl ether, chlorinated hydrocarbon, ketone, ester, etc. The addition type flame retardant has good durable flame retardancy, low volatility, moisture proof and antistatic effect, and can improve the fluidity of resin molding and the gloss of modified products.


It is mainly used for flame retardancy of PE, PS, PMMA, synthetic rubber and textiles, and can also be used for fire retardant coatings.


Dicyclopentadiene bis (hexachlorcyclopentadienal)


White crystalline dispersed solids, chlorine content 65.1%, melting point 350 degrees.


It is mainly used for neoprene, natural rubber, silicone rubber, epoxy resin, PA, phenolic resin, unsaturated polyester, ABS, HIPS, PBT, PE, PP, PUR, etc.




Hexachlorcyclopentadiene


Light yellow oily liquid, industrial chlorine content 76-79%, melting point 236-238 degrees, insoluble in water, soluble in ether, carbon tetrachloride and so on.


Flame retardant for polyurethane flame retardant as a reactive flame retardant.


Chloric anhydride (HET)


White crystal, low volatility at room temperature, melting point 240-245 C, chlorine content 57.36 C, soluble in benzene, ethane, acetone, etc.


Mainly as a reactive flame retardant, it can be used for flame retardancy of PET and polyurethane, and can also be used as curing agent for epoxy resin.

Four. Inorganic flame retardants


Inorganic flame retardant (inorganic flame retardnat) is composed of high temperature resistant solution and superfine inorganic metal oxide. Inorganic flame retardants are mainly inorganic elements with essential flame retardancy added to the flame-retardant substrate in the form of a single substance or compound, and are fully mixed in the physical dispersion state with the polymer, and the flame retardancy is played by chemical or physical changes in the gas phase or condensed phase.
1. three oxidation two antimony
It is an additive flame retardant, often used with other flame retardants and smoke suppressants, and synergistic effects can be produced between the components. Three oxidation of two antimony in the initial stage of combustion is first melting, forming a protective film on the surface of the material, isolating the air, and reducing the combustion temperature through the internal endothermic reaction. At high temperature, three oxidation and two antimony are gasified, diluting the oxygen concentration in the air, thereby playing a role of flame retardancy.
2. aluminum hydroxide (ATH)
Aluminum hydroxide is the most popular flame retardant for inorganic hydroxide. It is mainly used for the processing of artificial rubber, thermosetting resin and thermoplastic plastics under the temperature of less than 200. Aluminum hydroxide flame retardant plastic is a prominent advantage in the flame of smoke less.
3. magnesium hydroxide (MDH)